The present paper aims at a systematic review of the current knowledge on the relationship between dyslipidemia and the risk of suicidal behavior. Studies examining the relationship between lipid profile and risk of parasuicide/suicide show conflicting results. Most of the data suggest that dyslipidemia, especially low cholesterol, is a risk factor for suicidal behavior. Further investigation is needed into the possibility of using dyslipidemia as a marker of suicidal behavior.